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A python concurrency agnostic serial line library. Helpful when handling with instrumentation which work over serial line and implement simple REQ-REP communication protocols (example: SCPI ). Besides local serial line, serialio also supports serial line over RFC2217 protocol, raw TCP socket and tango.
Hardware interfaces for the Raspberry Pi 2 and Raspberry Pi 3 are exposed through the 40-pin header J8 on the board. Functionality includes:
- 24x - GPIO pins
- 1x - Serial UARTs (RPi3 only includes mini UART)
- 2x - SPI bus
- 1x - I2C bus
- 2x - 5V power pins
- 2x - 3.3V power pins
- 8x - Ground pins
GPIO Pins
Let's look at the GPIO available on this device.
GPIO Pin Overview
The following GPIO pins are accessible through APIs:
| GPIO# | Power-on Pull | Alternate Functions | Header Pin |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | PullUp | I2C1 SDA | 3 |
| 3 | PullUp | I2C1 SCL | 5 |
| 4 | PullUp | 7 | |
| 5 | PullUp | 29 | |
| 6 | PullUp | 31 | |
| 7 | PullUp | SPI0 CS1 | 26 |
| 8 | PullUp | SPI0 CS0 | 24 |
| 9 | PullDown | SPI0 MISO | 21 |
| 10 | PullDown | SPI0 MOSI | 19 |
| 11 | PullDown | SPI0 SCLK | 23 |
| 12 | PullDown | 32 | |
| 13 | PullDown | 33 | |
| 16 | PullDown | SPI1 CS0 | 36 |
| 17 | PullDown | 11 | |
| 18 | PullDown | 12 | |
| 19 | PullDown | SPI1 MISO | 35 |
| 20 | PullDown | SPI1 MOSI | 38 |
| 21 | PullDown | SPI1 SCLK | 40 |
| 22 | PullDown | 15 | |
| 23 | PullDown | 16 | |
| 24 | PullDown | 18 | |
| 25 | PullDown | 22 | |
| 26 | PullDown | 37 | |
| 27 | PullDown | 13 | |
| 35* | PullUp | Red Power LED | |
| 47* | PullUp | Green Activity LED |
* = Raspberry Pi 2 ONLY. GPIO 35 & 47 are not available on Raspberry Pi 3.
GPIO Sample
Ploutab 2.3 Serial Killer
As an example, the following code opens GPIO 5 as an output and writes a digital '1' out on the pin:
When you open a pin, it will be in its power-on state, which may include a pull resistor. To disconnect the pull resistors and get a high-impedance input, set the drive mode to GpioPinDriveMode.Input:
When a pin is closed, it reverts to its power-on state.
Pin Muxing
Some GPIO pins can perform multiple functions. By default, pins are configured as GPIO inputs. When you open an alternate function by calling I2cDevice.FromIdAsync() or SpiDevice.FromIdAsync() , the pins required by the function are automatically switched ('muxed') to the correct function. When the device is closed by calling I2cDevice.Dispose() or SpiDevice.Dispose(), the pins revert back to their default function. If you try to use a pin for two different functions at once, an exception will be thrown when you try to open the conflicting function. For example,
Serial UART
There is one Serial UART available on the RPi2/3: UART0
- Pin 8 - UART0 TX
- Pin 10 - UART0 RX
The example below initializes UART0 and performs a write followed by a read:
Note that you must add the following capability to the Package.appxmanifest file in your UWP project to run Serial UART code:
Visual Studio 2017 has a known bug in the Manifest Designer (the visual editor for appxmanifest files) that affects the serialcommunication capability. If your appxmanifest adds the serialcommunication capability, modifying your appxmanifest with the designer will corrupt your appxmanifest (the Device xml child will be lost). You can work around this problem by hand editing the appxmanifest by right-clicking your appxmanifest and selecting View Code from the context menu.
I2C Bus
Let's look at the I2C bus available on this device.
I2C Overview
There is one I2C controller I2C1 exposed on the pin header with two lines SDA and SCL. 1.8KΩ internal pull-up resistors are already installed on the board for this bus.
| Signal Name | Header Pin Number | Gpio Number |
|---|---|---|
| SDA | 3 | 2 |
| SCL | 5 | 3 |
The example below initializes I2C1 and writes data to an I2C device with address 0x40:
SPI Bus
There are two SPI bus controllers available on the RPi2/3.
SPI0
| Signal Name | Header Pin Number | Gpio Number |
|---|---|---|
| MOSI | 19 | 10 |
| MISO | 21 | 9 |
| SCLK | 23 | 11 |
| CS0 | 24 | 8 |
| CS1 | 26 | 7 |
Ploutab 2.3 Serial Number
SPI1
| Signal Name | Header Pin Number | Gpio Number |
|---|---|---|
| MOSI | 38 | 20 |
| MISO | 35 | 19 |
| SCLK | 40 | 21 |
| CS0 | 36 | 16 |
SPI Sample
An example of how to perform a SPI write on bus SPI0 using chip select 0 is shown below: